Data Driven Framework In Selenium

A data-driven framework used in selenium is a fair approach to test software where the test data is separated from the test script. The test data is usually split from here and stored in a separate source, such as an excel or CSV file.

The test script needs to read this data to perform tests.

Why Data-Driven Approach?

It has more flexibility and reusability of test scripts.
Changes to the test data can be made without modifying the test script itself.
It allows for testing multiple data sets, improving the application's coverage under test.

Example:

This article will demonstrate a data-driven approach using an excel file that contains some login information.
This login data have username and passwords on a variety of.
We will use this to log in programsbuzz site.
One last thing we need is apache POI, a plugin to read/write Microsoft office documents.

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
   <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
   <version>5.2.3</version>
</dependency>

Here is the excel file with some credentials to test with.

package week4.day2;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class ExcelUtil {
    XSSFWorkbook work_book;
    XSSFSheet sheet;

    public ExcelUtil(String excelfilePath) {
        try {
            File s = new File(excelfilePath);
            FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream(s);
            work_book = new XSSFWorkbook(stream);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    public String getData(int sheet number, int row, int column) {
        sheet = work_book.getSheetAt(sheetnumber);
        String data = sheet.getRow(row).getCell(column).getStringCellValue();
        return data;
    }

    public int getRowCount(int sheetIndex) {
        int row = work_book.getSheetAt(sheetIndex).getLastRowNum();
        row = row + 1;
        return row;
    }
}

This is an excel read util code.
This POI library utilizes code that reads the excel and passes in the user name and password.
It navigates to a specified row and cell of the sheet and fetches the information.

package week4.day2;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;

public class ProgramsBuzzUserLogin {

    @Test(dataProvider = "testdata")
    public void loginPage(String username, String password) {
        WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
        ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://www.programsbuzz.com/user/login");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        WebElement userName = driver.findElement(By.id("edit-name"));
        userName.sendKeys(username);
        WebElement passWord = driver.findElement(By.id("edit-pass"));
        passWord.sendKeys(password);
    }

    @DataProvider(name = "testdata")
    public Object[][] dataExample() {
        ExcelUtil configuration = new ExcelUtil("C:\\Users\\arili\\git\\Assignments\\Selenium\\target\\CRED.xlsx");
        int rows = configuration.getRowCount(0);
        Object[][] signin_credentials = new Object[rows][2];

        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            signin_credentials[i][0] = configuration.getData(0, i, 0);
            signin_credentials[i][1] = configuration.getData(0, i, 1);
        }
        return signin_credentials;

    }

}

Using the dataprovider annotation, we pass the excelUtil class with the object created for it.
After passing in the path of the file, we then get its data using a loop.
Then the signin_credentials are passed onto the username and password field of the programsbuzz site.

We can see here three tests have run using the following credentials.
This is how we can create a data-driven framework using selenium java.